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Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
Year : 2020, Volume : 13, Issue : 4
First page : ( 1701) Last page : ( 1706)
Print ISSN : 0974-3618. Online ISSN : 0974-360X.
Article DOI : 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00307.8

Phytochemical analysis, Total Flavonoid, Phenolic contents and Antioxidant activity of extracts from the Leaves of Rhododendron arboreum

Madhvi Som K.1,*, Sharma Manik1, Iqbal Javaid1, Younis Mohd2, Sheikh Razda3

1Department of Zoology, Bhoj Mahavidyalaya Bhopal, Barkatullah University, Bhopal-462003, Madhya Pradesh, India

2Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil Nadu, India

3Department of Zoology, Govt. M.L.B. Girls College, Bhopal-462026, Madhya Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author E-mail: somkailash86@gmail.com

Online published on 30 April, 2020.

Abstract

The free radical production in excess amount leads to oxidative stress. The plant phytochemicals are natural antioxidants that reduce free radicals and diseases resulted from oxidative stress. The aim of the present study is to determine in vitro antioxidant activity and concentration of phenol and flavonoids in the leaf extracts of Rhododendron arboreum. The phytochemical extraction was done successively with a soxhlet apparatus and the extracts were screened for the presence of phytochemicals. Further, the extracts were quantitatively estimated for phenol and flavonoids via the spectroscopic method. The antioxidant activity was performed by reducing power and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals method. The presence of phenol, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides and coumarins were detected in the extracts. The phenolic contents equivalent to the gallic acid/gram extract were high in the hydroethanolic extract (ethanol-water 70/30) 135.10 ± 0.12mg than ethanol extract 102.3±0.05 mg and water extract 19.23±0.13mg. However, the flavonoid contents equivalent to quercetin/gram extract were high in the ethanol extract 67.70±0.10mg as compared to the hydroethanolic extract 31.53±0.06mg. The order for reducing power of extracts was recorded as ascorbic acid > hydroethanolic > ethanol > water > chloroform > petroleum ether and the same order was found in the DPPH assay having 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values as 24.34±0.09, 40.08±0.06, 70.58±0.04, 182.63±0.66, 666.52±9.45 and 675.99±5.89μg/ml respectively. In conclusion, the results suggest that Rhododendron arboreum leaf extracts have the ability to decrease free radicals and could be used as a natural antioxidant.

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Keywords

Phytochemicals, Flavonoids, Phenol, Antioxidant Activity, Reducing Power, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl.

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