Gymnemic acid mitigates hyperglycemia by attenuating the hepatic glucose metabolic enzymes in high fat diet fed-low dose streptozotocin-induced experimental rodents US Mahadeva Rao1,*, Sundaram C. Shanmuga2, Srinivasan S.3,4 1Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, 20400, Malaysia 2PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Chennai, India 3Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamilnadu, India 4Postgraduate and Research Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College For Women, Krishnagiri-635 002, Tamilnadu, India *Corresponding Author E-mail: raousm@gmail.com; raousm@unisza.edu.my
Online published on 9 April, 2020. Abstract Background The enzymes that govern carbohydrate metabolism in the hepatocytes are considered as potential targets for the maintenance of normal glycemic control in diabetic individuals. Gymnemic acid (GA), a triterpene glycoside is one such phytochemical, originally isolated from the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre which lacks scientific validation for its folklore use. Methods It was aimed to study the activity of GA (5mg/kg.b.w./rat for 30 days) in the regulation of glucose homeostasis by modulating the activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes in hepatocytes of T2DM in rats. Methods: The assay of activities of carbohydrate metabolizing regulatory enzymes of Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP), Phosphogluconate and Gluconeogenic pathways in hepatic tissues were performed. Results The altered activities of regulatory enzymes of these pathways in hepatic tissues of diabetic rats were significantly reverted to near normalcy upon oral treatment with GA. In addition, oral administration of GA to experimental diabetic groups of rats showed significant reduction in the levels of fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin and increased level of plasma insulin and hemoglobin. Conclusion From, the current data validated that the oral administration of GA to diabetic rats regulates carbohydrate homeostasis by regulating the activities of glucose metabolizing enzymes. Top Keywords Diabetes, Hemoglobin, Insulin, Streptozotocin, Gymnema sylvestre. Top |