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Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
Year : 2018, Volume : 11, Issue : 9
First page : ( 4179) Last page : ( 4186)
Print ISSN : 0974-3618. Online ISSN : 0974-360X.
Article DOI : 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00767.9

A Review on 3D Printing Techniques and Scaffolds for Auricular Cartilage Reconstruction

Saumya S1,*, Anbuselvan Agila1, Poorva S1, Priya G.2

1Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India

2Department of Biosciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India

*Corresponding Author E-mail: saumya.selvaraji@gmail.com

Online published on 20 December, 2018.

Abstract

Recently, tissue engineering has evolved to regenerate auricular tissue to repair ear defects. This is being possible with the use of scaffolds with a design matrix similar to native ear. Conversely achieving high fidelity structural ear is challenging. Conventional methods of fabricating scaffolds including fiber bonding, phase separation, solvent casting, particulate leaching, and foaming has limitations. These techniques do not permit enough control over scaffold architecture, pore network, pore size and interconnectivity. Hence 3D printing techniques are currently employed to fabricate scaffolds through layer upon layer framework. For a wellorganized and powerful user interface Computer Aided Design (CAD) system is used to fabricate scaffolds. Post fabrication, the cells are seeded onto the scaffolds, which are then implanted and studied for the structural and functional integrity. Many investigations have been carried out on immunocompetent animal models, using the engineered cartilage, to study the post implantation effects. Various combinations of 3D printing techniques, different scaffold options including both hydrogel and solid scaffolds, and different seeding cell options are unified to grow a high fidelity ear construct, mimicking the native ear. The Aim of this review is to give insight into different 3D printing techniques, scaffold and seeding cell options for auricular reconstruction. The current developments, challenges and future directions have also been discussed.

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Keywords

Auricular reconstruction, Scaffolds, Cartilage, 3D printing, CAD, Seeding cells.

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