Formulation and Physical Evaluation of Castor Oil based Nanoemulsion for Diclofenac Sodium Delivery System Prasetyo Bayu Eko1,2,*, Karsono1, Maruhawa Sakro Mega1, Laila Lia1 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, 20155 2Nanomedicine Center of Innovation, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, 20155 *Corresponding Author E-mail: bayu@usu.ac.id
Online published on 20 December, 2018. Abstract The Aim of this study was to develop a nanoemulsion formulation of diclofenac sodium by using castor oil (Oleum ricini) as an oil phase. This drug belongs to Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and used for the treatment of some diseases including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The formulations were consisted of diclofenac sodium, tween 80, propylene glycol, ethanol and distilled water with a various concentration of castor oil 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11%. The preparation of the nanoemulsion formulations was conducted by a low-energy method. The nanoemulsion characterization and the influence of castor oil concentration were evaluated including pH and viscosity value by using Viscometer Brookfield. The zeta potential value and the particle size distribution of the nanoemulsion were also measured by using Zeta sizer (Malvern). The stability of the nanoemulsion formulation was tested for 3 months at room temperature. The study showed that all of the formulations were good nanoemulsion. The evaluation Results of nanoemulsion formula exhibited pH 6.48–7.66, viscosity 58.17–81.70 cPs, zeta potential-36.7 mV to-11.3 mV and size distribution 135.0–181.1 nm. All of the formulations showed very stable condition after 3 months storage at room temperature. It is suggested that castor oil can be used as a good oil phase in nanoemulsion formulation of diclofenac sodium. Top Keywords Nanoemulsion, Diclofenac Sodium, Castor Oil, Zeta potential, Stability. Top |