Molecular Genetic variability in the D-loop region for females with Breast Cancer and the effect of the Chemotherapy Buniya Harith K.1,*, Hassoon Athraa H.2, Hameed Almuthana Kh.1 1Dept. of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq 2Dept. of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq *Corresponding Author E-mail:
Online published on 20 December, 2018. Abstract The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a small circular genome placed within the mitochondria in the cytoplasm of the cell, had a smaller 1.1 kbp fragment and called the Displacement loop (D-loop). This paper Aims to find the degree of variation characteristics of this fragment. The majority of the Polymorphism nucleotidewerelocated in the D-loop region, the nucleotide transition, transversion, insertion and deletion were the importantvariations in nucleotide sequencingin females who had a breast cancer. The comparison was made between females suffering from breast cancer who didn't took chemotherapy and others treated with chemotherapy. The Results were compared with a local sequence (Muthana-1) in NCBI; the total number of mutations was 36 mutations (32.1%) for patients who didn't take chemotherapy, while 76 mutations (67.8%) for the patients who were given chemotherapy. The most common and frequent mutations in D-loop in females with breast cancer were the transition then transversion mutation. The total number of transition was 14 mutations (38.8%) in females without chemotherapy. On the other hand, in females who were given chemotherapy, the total number of this mutation was 33 mutations (43.4%), which was more frequent than of those who did not take chemotherapy. The total number of transversion mutations was 9 mutations (25%) in females without chemotherapy, which was less frequent and repeated comparing to the transition mutations in the same samples. In females who took chemotherapy, there were 19 mutations (25%), which was more frequent and repeated than those who didn't took chemotherapy. The total number of deletion mutations in the D-loop region was 10 mutations (27.7%) in females who didn't took chemotherapy. In contrast to the females who took chemotherapy, there were 17 mutations (22.3%). In the insertion mutations, the total number of mutations was 3 (8.3%) in females who didn't took chemotherapy, while 7 mutations (9.2%) in females who took chemotherapy. The chemotherapy makes the mtDNA in general and D-loop in particular have a high sensitivity to damage and have variations. Top Keywords mtDNA, D-loop, Breast cancer, Mutations. Top |