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Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries
Year : 2023, Volume : 15, Issue : 3
First page : ( 521) Last page : ( 533)
Print ISSN : 0975-4261. Online ISSN : 0975-6892.
Article DOI : 10.5958/0975-6892.2023.00052.7

Selective cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized from Putranjiva roxburghii leaf extract

Shivalingegowda Mamatha*, Kiragandur Manjunath

Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Technology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Mysore Road, Bengaluru-560065, Karnataka, India

*Corresponding author e-mail: mamathas@bub.ernet.in

Online Published on 20 September, 2023.

Abstract

The use of ancient Ayurvedic knowledge of medicinal plants as reductants in synthesizing nanomaterials has paved the way to explore the versatile applications of nanoparticles. Bio-reduction of inorganic metallic nanoparticles is a good alternative to conventional physio-chemical synthesis and has a lot of biomedical applications. The current study aims to illustrate the bioactive properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized using the aqueous leaf extract of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. ZnO NPs were synthesized using different amounts of P. roxburghii leaf extract (2, 4,6,8,10 ml) as the capping agent in a bioreduction reaction with zinc nitrate hexahydrate 0.1M as a precursor. The optical and structural properties of the ZnO NPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, DLS, and FESEM analysis. Studies on the synthesized particles’ optical and structural characteristics helped to identify two particles, PJ14 and PJ18, for bioactivity studies. The cytotoxicity of the ZnO NP against CaCO2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), colon cancer cell line, and HEK 293 (Human embryonic kidney), a normal cell line, to access the use of this nanoparticle as an anticancer agent was studied. The IC50 of PJ14 and PJ 18 on CaCO2 was 44.79 µg/ml and 70.81 µg/ ml, respectively. The IC50 of the ZnO NP on a normal HEK 293 cell line for PJ 14 was 422.13 µg/ml, and the PJ 18 had IC 50 > 500 µg/ml indicating lower cell toxicity. The study results showed the potential cytotoxic properties of the synthesized particle and reiterate the selective toxicity of ZnO NPs toward cancer cell lines as compared to normal cell lines.

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Keywords

Green chemistry, Zinc oxide nanoparticle, Putranjiva roxburghii, Cytotoxicity, CaCO2, HEK293.

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