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Screening of Dioscorea Species for Diosgenin from Southern Western Ghats of India Asha KI1, Nair GM2 1National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Vellanikkara, Thrissur-680 656 (Kerala). 2Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapurarn (Kerala). Abstract Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. is the major species exploited in India for diosgenin obtained from rhizomes. The natural stock of D. deltoidea being exhausted due to large-scale collection from forest areas and very poor rate of regeneration, leads to apprehensions that this important raw material may completely be lost to the industry if steps to conserve the stocks are not taken up immediately. Preliminary screening of different species locally available to identify new sources of diosgenin identified leaf samples to show presence of diosgenin in all the twelve species while tuber samples of only 4 species viz., Dioscorea hispida, D. hamiltonii, D. spicata and D. pubera revealed its presence. Of these, the maximum diosgenin yield was recorded in D. pubera (1220 μg/g d. wt.) followed by D. spicata (305 μg/g d. wt.), D. hispida (57 μg/g d. wt) and D. hamiltonii (3 μg/g d. wt.). Top Key words Dioscorea, Diosgenin, Yams. Top | |
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