Iron is mainly produced from its oxide ores, mostly from hematite, Fe2O3. In direct reduction processes, hematite is reduced by carbon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen or the mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. These reducing agents may be produced from coal, oil or natural gas. The reduction kinetics of hematite lump/pellet (sphere) has been discussed. It forms a basis for the modelling of coal or gas based direct reduction processes.
Hematite ore, direct reduction processes, thermodynamics, reduction Kinetics, hematite lump, hematite pellet