Inverted and flat nipples are commonly present in primipara mothers. Nipple abnormalities are commonly encountered in clinical practice especially in relation to lactation problems in postnatal.
Effectiveness of Hoffman's exercise on successful breast feeding among primipara mothers with flat and retracted nipples. The research design adopted was quasi experimental design. The study conducted at in Government Head Quarters Hospital, Erode and Nirmala Hospital, Erode. The study was conducted on 30 primipara mothers (15 in control group and 15 in experimental group) immediately after delivery. Experimental group received Hoffman's exercise. The levels of successful breast feeding were assessed in both groups. The study concluded that in control group majority (80%) of primipara mothers were medium risk and 20% of them were low risk whereas in experimental group 73 of them were low risk and 27% of them had medium risk. The overall mean percentage was 56% in control group whereas in experimental group 78% with ‘t’ value 6.82, significant at P < 0.05).
Effectiveness, Hoffman's exercises, primipara mothers, flat and inverted nipple
