Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by chronic elevation of glucose in the blood. It arises because the body is unable to produce enough insulin for its own needs, either because of impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Chronic exposure to high blood glucose is a leading cause of renal failure, visual loss and a range of other types of tissue damage. Diabetes also predisposes to arterial disease, not least because it is often accompanied by hypertension, lipid disorders and obesity. Many cases of diabetes and almost all of its unwanted long-term consequences are potentially avoidable, but this will require intervention at a societal as well as at a medical level. The three classic symptoms of diabetes are thirst, polyuria and weight loss. As glucose is lost in the urine it draws fluid and other small molecules with it, causing excessive urination, which in turn causes dehydration and thirst. Weight is lost because of rapid breakdown of fat and protein reserves to compensate for the loss of glucose and metabolic inefficiency due to lack of insulin action. These symptoms may be less prominent in older people with type 2-diabetes, who may present with symptoms less directly related to diabetes, or with complications of diabetes ranging from infections to heart disease, or simply as the result of a screening blood test. The objective of the present research work was the synthesis of 2-(2, 3, 4, & 5 substituted phenyl) 3-hydroxy-4H-Chromen-4-one and evaluation of in vivo anti diabetic activity against streptozocin induced diabetic Rats. Based on this a new series of compound had been planned to synthesize by reacting 2-hydroxy acetophenone and various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of potassium hydroxide, methanol and 30% hydrogen peroxide. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, and Mass spectroscopy. The present experimental data of blood sugar, serum lipid profile and urinary data displayed that all the synthesized compounds had the potential ability to reduce the diabetes mellitus which was induced by streptozocin in rats.