Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Transdermal Drug Delivery (TDD) TDD is a painless method of delivering drugs systemically by applying a drug formulation onto intact and healthy skin. Ethosomes are soft malleable vesicles composed mainly of phospholipids, ethanol (relatively high concentration) and water. In vitro and in vivo skin permeation experiments have shown that ethosomal formulations can improve the penetration of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds when compared to traditional liposomes. Cold method and hot method are the two types of method of preparation of ethosomes. In comparison to traditional liposomes, antigen-loaded ethosomes for transcutaneous immunization against Hepatitis B were synthesized and described, demonstrating better entrapment effectiveness, appropriate size range, and a unilamellar, spherical shape. As a topical medium (gel), ethosomes and liposomes of azelaic acid (an anti-keratinizing agent used in the treatment of acne) were created, and the results showed that ETHOS 40 might be responsible for a larger azelaic acid concentration than ETHOS 20 and liposomes.