Effect of Euphorbia hirta ethanol extract on Salmonella typhimurium - infected typhoid fever in BALB/c mice Musthoza Fina Syifa’una1, Qurrotu-A’yun MA1, Fikriyah Nur’aini1, Zakinah Choirus2, Kristanti Risma Aprinda2, Susilo Raden Joko Kuncoroningrat4, Hayaza Suhailah4, Darmanto Win3,5,* 1Post Graduate Program in Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Surabaya, Indonesia 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, 65144, Indonesia 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Surabaya, Indonesia 4Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advance Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia 5Institute of Science, Technology, and Health, Jombang, 61419, Indonesia *Corresponding Author E-mail: windarmanto@fst.unair.ac.id
Online Published on 13 October, 2023. Abstract Typhoid fever is still become problem in whole world, especially in developing country. This disease is caused by infection with Salmonella typhimurium bacteria in the small intestine which then spreads to the liver and spleen. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Euphorbia hirta ethanol extract (EHEE) on mice infected with S. typhimurium. The experimental animals used were male mice aged 8-10 weeks and weighing 20- 25g. Typhoid fever was carried out by administering S. typhimurium bacterial infection. The division of the group consisted of a K- group (without bacterial induction and without extract therapy), K+ group (S. typhimurium induction without extract therapy), P1 group (extract therapy dose of 500mg/kg), P2 group (extract therapy dose of 1000mg/kg), and treatment 3 (chloramphenicol therapy dose of 130mg/kg). Data were converted into histogram using Excel program. The results of this study indicated that EHEE extract showed decrease bacterial colonies in the spleen and small intestine and also ameliorate of liver histopathological injury. EHEE extract was also reduced the thickness and surface area in small intestine. This is related to the higher content of antioxidant and antibacterial active compounds owned by EHEE. Top Keywords Bacterial colonies, Euphorbia hirta, Histology, Salmonella typhimurium, Typhoid fever. Top |