Author Guidelines

Research articles/research notes based on original research in Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering, Basic Sciences and Social Sciences are accepted for publication in the Journal of Research. The Journal of Research is open to all the faculty members and post graduate students of the Punjab Agricultural University. Articles from other institutes are also considered. The Journal of Research will publish invited articles from distinguished scientists, pertaining to agriculture and basic research with special reference to the Punjab situation. Critical review articles pointing out gaps in research and suggesting possible line of future research or new concepts will also be considered. The opinion articles on current issues (not more than 5 double spaced typed pages) authored by PAU faculty and eminent scientists from other institutes are also published.

Preparation of Manuscript

All authors are urged to read the manuscript critically prior to its submission. Submission implies non-submission elsewhere. The articles (in triplicate) should accompany an Article Certificate duly signed by all authors and authenticated by the Head of Department concerned. The articles conveyed for publication in Journal of Research should not report data that are more than two years old. The articles once rejected by the Editorial Board should not be resubmitted for publication in the Journal of Research, subsequently. All manuscripts are sent to the referees for seeking their valuable comments. These will be conveyed to the authors for revising the manuscripts as per comments of the referee. The paper/article will be published only after the decision of the Editorial Board for its acceptance. The manuscript should be typed in New Times Roman font size 12 in double-space on one side of the paper, preferably on bond paper of 22 x 28 cm size, with 4 cm margin at the top, bottom and left hand side. The position of figures, photographs and tables should be indicated clearly. Three copies of the manuscript should be submitted along with a soft copy and it should not exceed 10 typed pages. A serial number assigned to each new manuscript will accompany its acknowledgement to the author indicated as the person responsible for correspondence.

Illustrations : Line drawings and photographs should be of good printable quality. A line drawing should not be larger than a sheet of manuscript (22 x 28 cm), while a photograph should be within the printed area of the Journal page (12 x 17 cm). Preferably, the illustrations should be sent as soft copies.The legends should be typed on a separate sheet.

Each article should be organized as follows:

Title : The title, in capital letters, should be brief, specific and informative. It should identify the nature of study.

Author(s) and Institute Address: It should contain the name(s) of author (s) and the place where research was conducted. The e-mail ID of the corresponding author may be given as a footnote.

Abstract : A brief abstract, not exceeding 150 words, should be a concise summary of the findings. As a rule, it should run only in one paragraph and should not contain any references to literature, illustrations and tables. Abstract is not required for research notes.

Keywords : A list of key words (not more than five in alphabetical order) may be included below the abstract.

Headings : Centre and capitalize letters of main headings of the paper, ABSTRACT, MATERIALS AND METHODS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION and LITERATURE CITED. Do not centre secondary headings.

Introduction (without heading) : The background, relevance, main objectives and importance of the study should be briefly stated. A brief mention about the work already done in the field may be given but it should not contain lengthy review of literature.

Materials and Methods: Relevant details be given for the materials used and the methods including experimental design and techniques employed. The methods already well established need not be elaborated, only a reference will suffice. However, any new or modified technique, if applied, should be given in detail.

Results and Discussion : Results may be tabulated, but the tables should not be too many. Tables should be numbered and supplied with proper headings. These should be typed on separate sheets and their placement indicated clearly in the text. Under discussion, results obtained may be compared with those of other workers and their significance should be highlighted. It should not repeat what has been said under introduction (without heading). All scientific names should be in italics.

Literature Cited: Only those references which have been cited in the text should be given at the end of the article. They should be arranged in the alphabetical order and each reference should contain the following order: author(s) name (s); year; title of the article; abbreviated name of the journal; volume number and page number. In the case of books, name of the publisher and place of publication should be given. For the standard abbreviations of the names of journals, World List of Scientific Periodicals may be consulted. The reference should be listed in the following manner:

Journals

Fonseca S and Patterson F L 1968. Yield component heritabilities and relationship in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Sci 8 : 614-17.

Books

Elliot W H and Elliot D C 1997. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Oxford University Press Inc. New York, pp 274-79.

Edited Books

Amsterdam D, Cunningham R K and Van Oss CJ (ed) 1966. Immunological and Molecular Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, pp 91-101.

Articles in Edited Books

Defago G and Hass D 1989. Pseudomonads as antagonists of soil-borne plant pathogens: Mode of action and genetic analysis. In "Soil Biochemistry", Bollog J M and Stotzky G (Eds.). Academic Press, New York, pp. 249-99.

Anonymous Publications

Anonymous 1988. Package of Practices for Rabi Crops. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, pp. 20-25.

Tables: Tables should be typed in double-space on separate pages, each one referred to in the text and numbered with Arabic numerals (e.g. Table 1). The title of each table should identify its contents so that reference to the text is not necessary. Title and column should be brief. Unnecessary descriptive matter should be avoided. Column and row heading with footnotes should be self explanatory. Capitalize only the first letter of the first word of each column and row heading. Use lower case letters from the beginning of the alphabet (a, b, c) as asterisks with explanatory foot notes for significance at 5% level, capitals for significance at 1% level.

Abbreviations: In both text and tables (except for the first word in a sentence) long words or terms used repeatedly should be abbreviated. Use standard abbreviations. Names of organic chemicals and other terms, abbreviated for the reader's convenience should be spelled out first, with parenthetical abbreviation used.

For Research Notes (short communications), the text should be in running form without Abstract and without headings of Materials and Methods and Results and Discussion.

Manuscript Submission

The manuscript of the paper may be submitted either as hard copy (3 copies) along with duly signed Article Certificate to the Editor, Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana or through e-mail (editorjr@pau.edu) along with scanned copy of the Article Certificate. The paper can also be submitted online by logging on to www.indianjournals.com and then going to the home page of Journal of Research where the author can follow further instructions for submission of the manuscript.