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The Indian Journal of Small Ruminants
Year : 2009, Volume : 15, Issue : 2
First page : ( 134) Last page : ( 155)
Print ISSN : 0971-9857. Online ISSN : 0973-9718.

Automated technology transfer for sustainable control of parasitic gastroenteritis in Small Ruminants: A review

Sanyal P.K.

Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H. Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg-491 001, Chhattisgarh. E-mail address: sanyalpk@rediffmail.com.

Received:  25  November,  2008; Accepted:  5  January,  2009.

Abstract

While worm infection has been described as the single most important animal health problem of small ruminants affecting the poor, it is exactly these resource-poor people who at present have little or no access to emerging technologies that could be put to use for improving their situation. Being ubiquitous nature of the organisms and omnipresent in small ruminants, management/control of worms presents a particularly difficult challenge following wide-spread emergence of anthelmintic resistance, further complicated by recent and radical changes in approach to worm management. Various arms of Integrated Worm Management involoving anthelmintic management and covering Targeted Selected Treatment system, grazing management, nutritional management, biological control, phytotherapeutic control are now available for widespread adoption. Targeted Selected Treatment particularly aims at treating only those animals unable to withstand current worm challenge, is not only exceptionally affordable in relation to other conventional control programmes, but will also help to delay selection for anthelmintic resistance. Integration of all these control options as technology arm of sustainable worm control in field needs a specialised way of technology transfer. The theory is advanced that a lack of dependable infrastructure makes it unlikely that any system of technology transfer dependent on expert extension personnel or on landline infrastructure (i.e. conventional Internet and e-mail access) can offer any solution for overcoming the present vicious cycle of a lack of expert master trainers and consequently of resource-poor farmers who are armed with the necessary knowledge of modern systems of telecommunications that offers immense hope for parasite management. It is suggested that Groupe Speciale Mobile (GSM wireless - cellphone) technology offers a ray of hope for technology transfer. The per capita uptake of this technology has apparently been far greater in developing than in developed countries and India is no exception. Can it be practical, for instance, to transmit data on climate, season, dominant worm species and the like to central software via a cellphone, then to be furnished with specific recommendations again via a cellphone to the end users to prevent losses? Challenge lies ahead in its implementation through an integrated and interdisciplinary approach.

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Key words

Automated technology transfer, Parasitic gastroenteritis, Small ruminant, Sustainable control.

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