Nephelium lappaceum rind as a new chemopreventive agent: Arresting the cell cycle at G2/M and promoting apoptotic cell death in vitro on osteosarcoma cell lines Hidayati W. Sulaiman W.N1,,*, Ridzuan P.M.2, Seeni Azman3 1Department of Medical Sciences, International Medical School, Management & Science University, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2Department of Pre-Clinical, International Medical School, Management & Science University, 40100, Shah Alam, Malaysia 3Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam Penang, Malaysia *Corresponding Author Dr. Wan Nur Hidayati Wan Sulaiman Lecturer, Department of Medical Sciences, International Medical School, Management & Science University, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Email: wan_nurhidayati@msu.edu.my
Online published on 1 May, 2020. Abstract The effects of Nephelium lappaceum (NLE) rind extract not well studied. This present study was conducted to determine the effects of Nephelium lappaceum (NLE) rind extract on human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells. The IC50 of NLE was determined using cytotoxicity assay. The induction of apoptosis at the late phase and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase was performed by flow cytometry analysis. Morphological study was performed to evaluate the cell morphology. The IC50 of NLE was 0.005 mg/ml and the activation of p38MAPK by NLE also was consistent with apoptosis-associated membrane blebbing and apoptotic-like features. The upregulation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 and downregulation of Bcl-2 and p-Erk 1/2 showed that the cells had undergone apoptosis. Although NLE activated p27kip1, which is known to be associated with arrest at the G1 phase, it also has been reported to coincide with apoptosis induction in cells. NLE had no effect on the expression of cyclin D1. Morphological study also showing membrane blabbing and shrinkage which indicated the cells had undergone cell death. The present study provides experimental evidence of chemopreventive activity of NLE on HOS cells thus defines the use of NLE as potential chemopreventive agent on HOS cells. Top Keywords Chemoprevention, apoptosis, cell cycle. Top |