Estimation of Myelin Basic Protein Levels in Natural Cases of Canine Distemper Encephalomyelitis Ranjithkumar M.1,*, Dey S.2, Saini M.3, Singh R.4, Saravanan M.1, Sivakumar M.U.5 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai-600 001, Tamil Nadu, India. 2Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India. 3Wild Life Section, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India. 4Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India. 5Veterinary Officer, Hosamalangi, Kollegal-571440, Karnataka, India. *Corresponding Author: M. Ranjithkumar, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai-600 001, Tamil Nadu, India, Email: clmranjith@gmail.com
Online Published on 02 September, 2022. Abstract Background Canine distemper virus (CDV) affects both white and grey matter in the central nervous system (CNS). It causes demyelination of white matter tracts, which releases myelin basic protein (MBP) into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). MBP levels in CSF could therefore indirectly indicate the extent of white matter damage. The objective of this study was to determine MBP levels in the CSF of dogs infected with natural cases of neurologic distemper. Methods In this study samples from healthy dogs, clinical cases of CDV and stray dogs from in and around the institute were collected for investigation. The infection of the CNS was established by estimating the albumin quotient and, for 16 cases, by histopathology. CSF biochemical parameters were analysed for 35 sero-positive clinical cases of neurologic distemper. MBP levels in samples were estimated by quantitative ELISA. Stray dogs (6 cases) were also screened for this purpose. Result MBP levels in CSF were significantly (p<0.05) increased in natural cases of distemper encephalomyelitis and stray dogs relative to controls. Three of the neurologic distemper cases clinically recovered despite high MBP levels, and two stray dogs also had higher MBP concentrations. High CSF MBP may therefore not be a useful marker for predicting the outcome of neurologic distemper. Top Keywords Albumin quotient, CSF, Encephalomyelitis, Myelin basic protein. Top |